Role: Building block for cartilage; supports production of proteoglycans & glycosaminoglycans. Benefit: Helps regenerate damaged cartilage, improves joint cushioning, reduces joint pain, and delays osteoarthritis progression. Chondroitin Sulphate (200 mg) Role: Naturally present in cartilage; works synergistically with glucosamine. Benefit: Inhibits cartilage breakdown by blocking enzymes, enhances water retention in cartilage for shock absorption, reduces stiffness. Sodium Hyaluronate (50 mg) Role: Bioavailable form of hyaluronic acid — a major component of synovial fluid. Benefit: Improves joint lubrication, reduces friction, enhances mobility, and may reduce pain in conditions like knee osteoarthritis MSM – Methylsulfonylmethane (100 mg) Role: Natural sulfur compound. Benefit: Provides sulfur for collagen synthesis, reduces inflammation, alleviates pain, supports connective tissue health. Piperine 95% Extract (10 mg) Role: Active compound from black pepper. Benefit: Enhances bioavailability of curcumin and other herbs, boosts absorption, adds mild anti-inflammatory benefit. Vitamin D3 (600 IU) Role: Essential for calcium absorption and bone health. Benefit: Maintains bone mineral density, supports joint health,